What is hypertension?
Hypertension also called high blood pressure, is a condition in which blood pressure in the blood vessel is continuously increased. The more pressure the heart will have to pump the heart with such a high capacity. Due to hypertension, various organs can be damaged and many diseases, including kidney failure, heart failure, stroke, or heart attack.
Usually blood pressure information is given by two digits - for example, 80 at 120 (which is written 120/80 mmHg as such). The value of one or both points may be higher in these.
- The above points are called systolic blood pressure (pressure of the heart while shrinking) and the lower points are called diastolic blood pressure (pressure of the spread of heart).
- Normal blood pressure occurs when your blood pressure is below 120/80 mmHg.
- Hypertension is when your blood pressure is 140/90 mmHg or higher.
- If your blood pressure points are 120/80 or higher, but less than 140/90 it is called pre-hypertension (restoration of blood pressure).
- Hypertension is of two types required and secondary. Required hypertension is called hypertension due to an unknown cause. This happens in approximately 95% of cases. Secondary hypertension is known to be due to the direct cause of blood pressure, such as kidney disease, or tumor.
Disease Duration:
The only treatment for reducing hypertension is to eat pills daily. The person can recover from hypertension by reducing weight and reducing the intake of salt.
Check and test:
Hypertension is determined by a qualified medical practitioner who measures blood pressure by an instrument sphygmomanometer (the device has a cuff, dial, pump, and valve on the arm). Systolic and diastolic marks are written and they are matched from the measurement table. If the pressure is more than 140/90 then you are assumed to be hypertension.
Your doctor can perform physical tests to see symptoms of heart disease, eye damage, and other changes in your body.
Check can be done to find out:
- Cholesterol level
- Heart diseases, such as echocardiogram or electrocardiogram
- Kidney diseases, such as the basic metabolic panel and urinalysis (urine test) or kidneys ultrasound
Symptoms of Hypertension:
It is not certain that people with hypertension should know or tell the symptoms of their condition. Approximately 33% of people do not know that they have high blood pressure and this ignorance can last for years. Due to such a condition, it is advisable to check blood pressure at regular intervals while excessive hypertension can reveal some symptoms in which:
- An acute headache
- Fatigue or confusion
- Dizziness
- Nausea
- Problem of vision
- Pain in chest
- Respiratory problems
- Irregular heart rate
- Blood pressure in the urine
Cause of Hypertension:
Although certain reasons for hypertension are not usually known, there are several factors that are linked to this situation to a great extent. Among them:
- Smoking
- Obesity or overweight
- diabetes
- Comfortable lifestyle
- Lack of physical activity
- High levels of salt intake (sodium sensitivity)
- Insufficient amounts of calcium, potassium, and magnesium intake
- Vitamin D deficiency
- Excessive drinking
- Tension
- Old age
- Family History of Genetic and Hypertension
Women have a high risk of high blood pressure. Higher weight gain can lead to high blood pressure. If the waist size of the woman is more than 35 inches, then it is more likely to have high blood pressure.
High blood pressure is extremely common in pregnancy. If your weight is higher than normal, then the probability of increasing blood pressure in pregnancy is also high.
Common Questions and Answers by the Doctor:
Q1. What is hypertension?
Hypertension is a condition of constant blood pressure in arteries and microvessels, which can damage the organs such as eyes, kidneys, and brain.
Q2. What are the types of hypertension?
There are 2 types of hypertension, essential or primary hypertension, and secondary (secondary) hypertension. Essential hypertension is more common and it should be controlled with drugs to avoid problems. There is no cure for this. Secondary hypertension is extremely low and depends on the cause of its medical hypertension.
Q3. How can I have hypertension?
You may have necessary hypertension if you are genetically sensitive to it, that is, if your parents have been hypertension, then you are more likely to have it. If your weight is high or you take an excessive amount of salt (Pickle, Papad, and saltwater fish, chicken etc.) for a long time and your lifestyle is comfortable, then you may have hypertension.
Q4. What is the treatment of hypertension?
Necessary hypertension in younger age groups is controlled by lifestyle changes. If these measures fail, medicines are given according to the severity of age and hypertension.
Q5. How long does it take to recover?
To avoid future problems, hypertension-resistant medicines have to be taken for a lifetime. As an exception, if blood pressure returns to normal limits, medicines are gradually stopped while decreasing.
Q6. How can I avoid hypertension?
To avoid hypertension, take active aerobic exercise and an active lifestyle with a proper diet. Avoiding salt-containing diets. Weight loss also leads to lower blood pressure. Close more smoking and drinking.
Q7. What are the problems of hypertension?
If hypertension is not controlled then it can affect eyes, kidneys, and brain. The heart can fail in a long time. If blood pressure is not controlled then the risk of hemorrhagic brain stroke and heart attack is also high.
Hypertension Diet Menu:
Eatable food
To coordinate with hypertension, it should take dietary fiber and potassium containing low and saturated fats. The proper amount of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and low-fat dairy products is necessary. The diet should take two to three times of whole grains and their products such as brown rice, multigrain bread, high amount of fresh vegetables and fruits three to four times.
Dairy products such as milk, Paneer, and curd can be used but they should be low fat. Poultry products (white meat obtained from egg whites and chickens) and seafood can be taken. Also, various fruits, nuts, pulses, and legumes should also be taken.
Compared with hypertension, you are the main nutrition diet that gives you 10 nights each day:
- Whole grains (such as oats)
- Garlic
- Linseed
- Banana
- potato
- Apricot
- Pumpkin seeds
- Broccoli
- Cashew
- Oily fish (such as salmon and sardine)
In a balanced diet for high blood pressure, small amounts of saturated and trans-fate (red meat, fast food), and other fats in moderate amounts (olive oil, canola oil)
Avoid:
- Limit consumption of alcohol and caffeinated drinks
- Do not use tobacco products
- Reduce the use of salt - four grams per day or half a teaspoon of tea, do not take more salt.
- Papad and pickle
- Canned Fruits and Vegetables in Can
- Processed foods and packaged foods such as chips, sauces, and snacks kept in freezes, closed soup in cans, and cooked brothas containing sodium content are very high.
- Bakery Products- Salted saturated fat packaged products, sodium-rich yeast producers (baking powder, soda). This can increase blood pressure.
- Sugar - Sugar and other sweet things made from it, such as sweets, pills, pastries, cakes etc. should be avoided because their excessiveness increases obesity.
- Fats- Avoid consumption of saturated and trans fats in the diet. All types of diet, butter, margarine, coconut oil etc. should be taken in the least quantity.
- Caffeine - Consume of coffee should be limited to 2 cups per day.
Regular Yoga and Exercise
Medium exercise is advised to do 30 minutes daily, in most days of the week. Every activity that increases your breath and heart rate is called aerobic exercise, in which:
- Household work such as mowing the garden, trimming leaves, or rubbing the floor
- Active sports such as basketball or tennis
- Uphill climbing
- To walk
- To run
- Cycling
- swimming
Yoga:
Hypertension is due to excessive pressure in the arteries. Yoga posture is beneficial for high blood pressure because yoga is helpful in lowering the stress of the person.
Music and meditation:
Regular practice of intensive care techniques reduces blood pressure. Generally, enjoyable work such as listening to music or relaxing in a hot tub is beneficial and gives you joy and peace at the mental and physical level.
Treatment of Hypertension:
- Quit smoking
- Get and keep your ideal weight
- Limit alcohol intake
- Exercise regularly
- Limit the use of salt
- Include foods containing potassium in the diet
- Control anger and tension
- Contact your healthcare team
By changing lifestyle, taking medicines and following the advice of your healthcare team, you can keep your blood pressure under control and avoid future problems.
